Optimasi Alokasi Input Produksi Kopi Arabika Gayo Menggunakan Model Linear Programming untuk Meningkatkan Pendapatan Petani di Kabupaten Aceh Tengah

Abstract

Gayo Arabica coffee is a leading plantation commodity in Central Aceh Regency and plays an important role in supporting farmers’ household income and the regional economy. However, the efficiency of production input utilization remains a challenge, particularly in allocating labor, organic fertilizer, NPK fertilizer, and pest and disease control inputs. This study aims to determine the optimal combination of production inputs to maximize farmers’ income under limited resources. A quantitative approach was employed using a Linear Programming (LP) model. The research data were constructed based on the characteristics of Gayo Arabica coffee farming in Central Aceh Regency and aligned with findings from previous studies. The decision variables included labor, organic fertilizer, NPK fertilizer, and pest and disease control inputs. The objective function was to maximize net income subject to budget constraints, input-use limits, and minimum labor requirements. The results showed that the optimal combination consisted of 100 labor days, 1,300 kg of organic fertilizer, 400 kg of NPK fertilizer, and 12 liters of pest and disease control inputs per hectare per year. This combination generated an estimated production of 1,080 kg of green beans, revenue of IDR 91,800,000, production costs of IDR 20,000,000, and net income of IDR 71,800,000 per hectare per year. Compared with the baseline scenario, net income increased by 24.33%. Budget limitation was identified as the main constraint in the optimal solution.